According to the new circular, the grade points scored by students in co-scholastic areas will add to the scholastic areas. The CBSE has also given a conversion table to schools � In life skills: A+: 5; A-: 4; B+: 3; B-:2; C: .1; and all other co-scholastic areas: A+:3; A: 2; B: 1.
The CBSE introduced the Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation Scheme in Class IX in October 2009 and extended it to Class X last year. According to the scheme, both scholastic and co-scholastic aspects are graded, which are then converted into grade points.
Students who get grade points in the range of 34-42 in co-scholastic areas will be upgraded to the next higher grade in two subjects in scholastic areas, the circular clarifies. “Students who get grade points in the range 19-33 will be upgraded to the next higher grade in one scholastic subject. Promotion to the next class will, however, not be affected if a student secures less than 19 grade points in co-scholastic areas.
Students who have taken part or won state, national and international-level competitions, organised by a body recognised by the state or central government or the CBSE, will be considered for co-scholastic grades, CBSE officials said.
For promotion to the next class, a student has to get a qualifying grade of D or above in all subjects, excluding the sixth additional subject. “A student getting E1 or E2 grade in the scholastic areas in one or more subjects will have to improve his/her performance in one subsequent attempt to obtain a qualifying grade. If a student fails to do so, he/she will have to repeat the same class.

Arunachal Pradesh

Public Service Commission : www.apspsc.gov.in
* Assam

Public Service Commission : www.apsc.nic.in
* Bihar Public Service Commission: www.bpsc.bih.nic.in
* Chhattisgarh public service commission : www.psc.cg.gov.in
* Goa Public Service Commission : www.goapsc.gov.in
* Gujarat public service commission : www.gpsc.gujarat.gov.in
* Himachal Pradesh Public Service Commission : www.hp.gov.in
* Jammu and Kashmir Public Service Commission :www.jkpsc.org
* Jharkhand Public Service Commission : www.jharkhandjpsc.org
* Karnataka public service commission : www.kpsc.kar.nic.in
* Kerala Public Service Commission : www.keralapsc.org
* Madhya Public Service Commission : www.mppsc.nic.in
* Maharashtra Public Service Commission : www.mpsc.maharashtra.gov.in
* Manipur Public Service Commission : www.mpscmanipur.gov.in
* Nagaland Public Service Commission : www.nagaland.nic.in
* Orissa Public Service Commission : www.opsc.nic.in
* Punjab public service commission : www.ppsc.gop.pk
* Rajasthan Public Service Commission : www.rpsc.gov.in
* Sikkim Public Service Commission : www.rpsc.gov.in
* Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission : www.tnpsc.gov.in
* Tripura public service commission : www.tripura.nic.in
* Uttarakhand Public Service Commission : www.gov.ua.nic.in/ukpsc
* U.P. Public Service Commission : www.uppsc.org.in
* West Bengal public service commission : www.pscwb.org.in

ajiv Gandhi

Khel Ratna, the country’s highest sports award, while Indian footballer Sunil Chettri, currently playing for American club Kansas City Wizards, is among the 15 sportspersons selected for the Arjuna Award.

The award’s committee, headed by legendary athlete P.T. Usha, met here Friday to finalise the winners of this year’s national sports awards.

Arjuna Awardees: Krishna Punia (athletics), Joseph Abraham (athletics), Dinesh Kumar (boxing), Parimarjan Negi (chess), Jhulan Goswami (cricket), Deepak Mondal (football), Sunil Chettri (football), Rajiv Tomar (wrestling), Sandeep Singh (hockey), Jasjit Kaur (hockey), Jajseer Singh (paralympics), Dinesh (kabaddi), Kapil Dev (volleyball), Rehan Poncha (swimming), Sanjeev Rajput (shooting)

List of IIFA Awards

Best Film : Vidhu Vinod Chopra – 3 Idiots
Best Performance in a Leading Role (Male) : Amitabh Bachchan – Paa
Best Performance in a Leading Role (Female) : Kareena Kapoor – 3 Idiots & Vidya Balan – Paa
Best Directer : Rajkumar Hirani – 3 Idiots
Best Performance in a Comic Role : Sanjay Dutt – All The Best
Best Performance in a Negative Role : Boman Irani – 3 Idiots
Best Performance in Supporting Role (Male) : Sharman Joshi – 3 Idiots
Best Performance in Supporting Role (Female) : Divya Dutta – Delhi 6
Best Debut of the year (Male) : Omi Vaidya – Jackie Bhagnani
Best Debut of the year (Female) : Jacqueline Fernandez – Mahie Gill
Best Playback Singer (Female): Kavita Seth – Ek Tara (Wake Up Sid)
Best Playback Singer (Male) : Shaan – Behti Hawa Sa Tha Woh (3 Idiots)
Best Music Directer : Pritam – Love Aaj Kal
Best Lyrics : Swanand Kirkire – 3 Idiots
Best Story : Abhijat Joshi, Raj Kumar Hirani, Vidhu Vinod Chopra – 3 Idiots
Habitat For Humanity Ambassadorship : Salman Khan
IIFA outstanding contribution to Hindi Cinema (Male) : J. Om Prakash
IIFA outstanding contribution to Hindi Cinema (Female) : Zeenat Aman
Outstanding Achievement by an Indian Internationally : Anil Kapoor

IIFA Green Global Award : Vivek Oberoi

2010 FIFA World Cup

Andres Iniesta dramatically fired Spain to World Cup glory for the first time in their history with the only goal of the game deep into extra-time in a 1-0 win over Netherlands at Soccer City.

Spain  in a 1-0 win over Netherlands at Soccer City.

Mueller wins Golden Boot, best young player

Johannesburg : Germany midfielder Thomas Mueller has won the Golden Boot award for top scorer at the World Cup and was also named best young player of the tournament.Mueller was one of four players to finish on five goals, but won by virtue of his three assists, two more than his nearest rivals- Spain`s David Villa and Wesley Sneijder of the Netherlands, who each had one assist. Mueller, 20, has spearheaded a new generation of players that include Mesut Oezil, Sami Khedira, Jerome Boateng and goalkeeper Manuel Neuer in a German team that finished third. Uruguay`s Forlan named player of World Cup Johannesburg: Uruguay`s Diego Forlan won the best player of the tournament award on Sunday after lighting up the World Cup with some wonderful goals that helped his team become South America`s only semi-finalist.The blond-locked striker won legions of admirers — not least among South African women — for his fantastic play on the pitch and courteous attitude off it where he always made time to sign autographs and chat with fans or journalists. Forlan took 23.4 percent in the “Golden Ball” poll organised by world soccer body FIFA and voted for by journalists. Dutch playmaker Wesley Sneijder was second with 21.8 percent and Spain`s David Villa third on 16.9 percent.

, was named Miss Universe

in Las Vegas

on Monday.

The first runner-up was Miss Jamaica, Yendi Phillipps, while Miss Australia, Jesinta Campbell, was second runner-up.

Navarrete, a nature enthusiast from Guadalajara, defeated favorites from Ireland, the Philippines and Venezuela to become the 59th winner of the crown in a show broadcast live around the world.

She received the crown from reigning Miss Universe Stefania Fernandez, Venezuela’s second winner in as many years. In a major shock, this year’s Miss Venezuela failed to make it past the first cut, when the 83 contestants were whittled down to 15. Miss USA, another favored contender, was also eliminated at the outset.

Atwal joined Japanese trio Isao Aoki, Shigeki Maruyama and Ryuji Imada and South Koreans K.J. Choi and Y.E. Yang in an elite but growing club of champions from world’s most populous continent.

The 37-year-old, who now lives in Florida, sank a pressure-packed seven-foot par putt at the final hole to edge American David Toms at Sedgefield.

His final round of 67 left him on 20-under 260, ignited by an opening day 61. Toms closed with a 64.

Prepared by

Deepa Upadhyay

PRT

KV Baramulla

Types of Soil in India

The main categories of soils in India are: (i) Alluvial soils (ii) Black soils (iii) Red soils (iv) Laterite soils (v) Mountain and hill soils (vi) Terai soils (vii) Desert (or Arid) soil and (viii) Peat soils.

Alluvial soil and Black soil
Alluvial soil is that soil which is formed by deposition of silts brought down by the rivers. It is rich in hydrated oxides of iron and is very fertile. Black soil or the black cotton soil has a good water-holding capacity and is best suited for deep-rooted crops like cotton. The black soil in wet condition is compact and sticky.

The most extensive soil cover of India comprises alluvial soils.

Soil Erosion: The soils are usually six to twelve inches in depth. In course of time, the fertility level of the soil is depleted with the result that the soil no longer remains suitable for agriculture. Soil conservation is, therefore, necessary for continued agricultural

prosperity.

The agencies of erosion are winds, water and waves of which the water erosion is most common. Rain water removes soil from the surface of sloping lands. Winds remove top soil of lands.

Laterite soils are formed by the weathering of laterite rocks. These can be distinguished from other soils by their acidity. Laterite soils are generally poor on the higher levels and cannot retain moisture. In the plains, however, they consist of heavy loams and clay and can retain moisture.

Laterite soils occur in Madhya Pradesh, Assam and along the Eastern and Western Ghats. Tea plantation requires acidity which is there in the laterite soil. It is, therefore, common in these areas.

Dan David Prize
Noted Indian author Amitav Ghosh has won the prestigious Dan David Prize for his remarkable reworking of the great tradition of the western novel in transnational terms.

PM’s Award for Excellence in Public Administration
Gulshan Bamra has been given the award for his initiative to involve community in the Naxal-affected areas of Madhya Pradesh.

First Indian to sail solo around the world
On May 22, 2010, Commander Dilip Donde of the Indian Navy became the first Indian ever to circumnavigate the globe solo on a sail-boat when he steered into the Mumbai harbour after his arduous effort spanning a little over nine months.

PERSONS
Kapadia, Justice Sarosh Homi
He has been appointed as the 38th Chief Justice of India. Hailing from a poor family, Justice Kapadia replaced Justice Balakrishnan.

Singh, Gen V.K.
Gen V.K. Singh is the Chief of Indian army. A third generation officer from the Rajput regiment, Gen Singh is a graduate of the Wellington-based Defence Services Staff College as well as the Rangers Course at Fort Benning, USA and the US Army War College, Carlisle.

Commonwealth Prize, 2010
British-Indian author Rana Dasgupta (38) has won the Commonwealth Writers’ Prize for ‘Best Book’ on for his second book Solo. Rana won a prize of  £10,000 (Rs 8.5 lakh).

INS Shivalik—India’s first indigenous stealth warship
On April 29, 2010, India affected a generational shift in its warship-building capability by commissioning INS Shivalik—the first indigenously built stealth frigate that is the biggest in its class in the world. The ship, which is 143 metres long, can tactically fire weapons even before the enemy detects it.

SPACE RESARCH
IKAROS—First solar powered spacecraft
Japanese scientists have developed a kite-shaped ‘space yacht’ that uses only solar power for propulsion. The spacecraft—IKAROS—would be launched into the space for a six-month mission to Venus. It is the first spacecraft to use such technology.

Census 2010
The 15th national census exercise, the biggest census ever to be attempted in human history to cover India’s 1.2 billion population, began on April 1, 2010 with President Pratibha Patil being the first to be enumerated in the decennial exercise.

National Population Register
The NPR would be a register of usual residents of the country. The NPR will be a comprehensive identity database that would help in better targeting of the benefits and services under the government schemes/programmes, improve planning and help strengthen security of the country. This is being done for the first time in the country.

Unique Identification (UID) number christened Aadhaar
Aadhaar, or the 12-digit unique identification (UID) number that will identify the 1.2 billion residents of India on the basis of their biometrics, will have an additional four digits that will be hidden from the common man.

World’s smallest 3-D map
Scientists claim to have created the world’s smallest three dimensional map—a map of the Earth so small that 1,000 of them could fit on one grain of salt.

A team at computer giant IBM accomplished this through a new, breakthrough technique which uses a tiny, silicon tip with a sharp apex—1,00,000 times smaller than a sharpened pencil—to create patterns and structures as small as 15 nanometre at greatly reduced cost and complexity.

Official Song Selected for World Cup Football 2010 ( South Africa )?

World renowned Latin American pop singer, Shakira will perform the official
song of 2010 Football World Cup accompanied with the South African band
Freshlyground. Waka Waka is the official song, selected by FIFA and Sony.

Vivek Sahai takes over as chairman of Railway Board

• Sahai, an Indian Railway Traffic Service officer, who was the Railway Board (member) traffic, has taken up the top job from S S Khurana upon his superannuation.

Aluminium: U.S.A., Canada Norway, Switzerland

, France and India.
Asbestos: Canada leads in the world in production of Asbestos.
Carpets: Iran, India.
Cheese: U.S.A., England, Netherlands and Australia.
Coal: U.S.A., England, Germany, Russia, Australia and India.
Cocoa: Ghana, S. America and West Indies.
Coffee: Brazil, Indonesia, India.
Copper: Chile.
Cotton: U.S.A., Russia, Egypt, India, Brazil, Argentina and Pakistan.
Electric Bulbs: England, U.S.A., India.
Gold: South Africa, Australia, Canada, S. America, India.
Ilmenite: India.
Iron ore: U.S.A., CIS, U.K., France, Germany, India and Spain.
Jute: Bangladesh, India.
Manganese: India is largest producer of Manganese in the world. Gabon Republic situated on the western coast of South Africa is known as having one of the richest deposits at Moanda.
Mercury: Italy, Spain and U.S.A.
Monazite: India, supplies 88% of the world’s need.
Petroleum: U.S.A., Venezuela, Russia, Middle East countries, Iran and Myanmar.
Plastic Goods: U.S.A., England.
Rock Phosphate: Morocco is world’s leading supplier.
Rubber: Malaysia, Indonesia and Sri Lanka. About 40% of the world’s natural rubber is produced by Malaysia.
Silk: China, U.S.A., France.
Silver: Mexico, U.S.A., Peru and India.
Steel: U.S.A., Germany, CIS and England.
Sugar: Cuba.
Tea: India, China, Sri Lanka, Japan and Indonesia.
Tin: Malaysia, Indonesia.
Wool: Australia, Argentina, New Zealand and South Africa.

India’s Saina Nehwal made her country proud on Sunday as she won the Indonesian Open Super Series for her third straight badminton title in three weeks, including two successive Super Series titles. The World No.3 defeated a fighting Sayaka Sato of Japan 21-19, 13-21, 21-11 in the final here on Sunday, a win that is expected to take her to No.2 in the World rankings.

Bajra (millets): Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Punjab, Andhra Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Barley: U.P., Bihar, Haryana. Its cultivation requires cool climate.
Cardamom: Karnataka. India is the largest producer of cardamom in the world.
Cashewnut: Kerala.
Cinchona: Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills); West Bengal (Darjeeling).
Coconut: Kerala is the leading producer of coconut in India. A coconut tree normally yield 60-70 nuts in a year.
Coffee: Karnataka, Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills) and Kerala. It is a tropical shrub.
Cotton: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Maharashtra.
Cotton Seeds: Maharashtra, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu.
Gram and Pulses: U.P., Madhya Pradesh, Haryana, Punjab, Maharashtra and Karnataka.
Groundnut: Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh.
Hemp: Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and U.P.
Jute: Assam, West Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.
Linseed: Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Orissa, U.P.,  Maharashtra and West Bengal.
Maize: U.P., Bihar and the Punjab.
Mustard and Rape-seed (Sarson): U.P., West Bengal, Punjab, Bihar and Orissa.
Poppy (opium plant): U.P., Madhya Pradesh, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir.
Rice: Andhra Pradesh, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tamil Nadu and Orissa. Rice is sown on the largest acreage in India.
Rubber: Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka.
Saffron: Jammu and Kashmir. It is obtained from the stigma of the saffron plant.
Silk: Karnataka, Jammu & Kashmir, West Bengal and Assam.
Spices: Pepper in Kerala and West Bengal; Chillies in West Bengal, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra; Cardamom in Karnataka and Tamil Nadu; Betelnuts in West Bengal and South India.
Sugarcane: U.P., Bihar, West Bengal, Punjab and Maharashtra.
Tea: Assam, West Bengal, Kerala and Tamil Nadu (Nilgiri Hills), Uttarkhand (Dehradun)  and Himachal Pradesh (Kangra Hills).
Tobacco: Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, U.P., West Bengal, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka.
Wheat: U.P., Punjab, Haryana and Madhya Pradesh. To some extent in Bihar, Rajasthan and Maharashtra. It is sown in October-November and reaped in April.

Kharif and Rabi Crops
Kharif Crops: are crops raised in autumn as a result of sowing done in June-July. These are cotton, rice, maize and millets.
Rabi Crops: are winter crops sown in October and November and reaped in April. These are wheat, gram, linseed and mustard.

CA: Chartered Accountant
CABE: Central Advisory Board of Education
C & AG: Comptroller & Auditor General
CAIR: Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
CAPART: Council for People’s Action and Advancement of Rural Technology
CAPES: Computer-Aided Paperless Examination System
CAS: Chief of Army Staff; Chief of Air Staff; Conditional Access System
CB: Citizen Band (Radio)
CBI: Central Bureau of Investigation
CBFC: Central Board of Film Certification
CCPA: Cabinet Committee on Political Affairs
CD: Conference on Disarmament
C-DAC: The Centre for Development of Advanced Computing
CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access
CECA: Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement
CERN: European Organisation for Nuclear Research (Pronounced CERN in French)
CFC: Chlorofluro Carbon
CFS: Container Freight Station
CHOGM: Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting
CIA: Central Intelligence Agency (of U.S.A.)
CIBIL: Credit Information Bureau (India) Ltd
CIC: Chief Information Commissioner
CID: Criminal Investigation Department
C-in-C: Commander-in-Chief
cif: cost, insurance and freight
CIS: Commonwealth of Independent States
CISF: Central Industrial Security Force
CITES: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
CITU: Centre of Indian Trade Unions
CLASS: Computer Literacy and Studies in Schools
CLAWS: Centre for Land Warfare Studies
CM: Command Module; Chief Minister
CMP: Common Minimum Programme
CNG: Compressed Natural Gas
CNN: Cable News Network
CNS: Chief of the Naval Staff
CO: Commanding Officer
COD: Central Ordnance Depot; Cash on Delivery
CPCB: Central Pollution Control Board
CPI: Communist Party of India
CPI(M): Communist Party of India (Marxists)
CPU: Central Processing Unit
CR: Central Railway
CRAC: Cyber Regulation Advisory Council
CRDi: Common Rail Direct injection
CRISIL: Credit Rating Information Services of India Limited
CRM: Customer Relationship Management
CRR: Cash Reserve Ratio
CRPF: Central Reserve Police Force
CSIR: Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
CTBT: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty
CTT: Commodities Transaction Tax
CVRDE: Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment